2000
		annually
		English
		Interdisciplinary: Ad Americam publishes peer-reviewed articles on North American history, politics, law, culture, sociology and comparative studies of American and other cultures
		1896-9461
		Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora
		Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Andrzej Mania (Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland) MANAGING EDITOR Łukasz Wordliczek (Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland) EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Paulina Napierała (Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland) EDITORIAL BOARD Juliette Bourdin (Département d’Études des Pays Anglophones, Université Vincennes Saint Denis - Paris 8, France) Christopher Coker (London School of Economics and Political Science, Department of International Relations, London, UK) Crister S. Garrett (Institute for American Studies, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany) Benjamin P. Greene (Department of History, United States Military Academy, West Point, USA) Ann Hetzel Gunkel (Deptarment of Humanities, History & Social Sciences, Columbia College Chicago, USA) Patricia Hart (School of Journalism and Mass Media, University of Idaho, Idaho, USA) Hartmut Keil (Institute for American Studies, University of Leipzig, Germany) Ludmilla Kostova (Department of English and American Studies, University of Veliko Turnovo, Bulgaria) Rett R. Ludwikowski (Columbus School of Law, Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., USA) Anna Ludwikowski (Associate Attorney, Erickson Immigration Group, Arlington, Virginia) Marcos Pablo Moloeznik (Department of Political Science, Center for Social and Humanistic Science, University of Guadalajara, Mexico) Dirk Nabers (Institut für Sozialwissenschaften, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany) Lucia Otrísalová (Department of English and American Studies, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia) Erik Owens (Boisi Center for Religion and American Public Life, Boston College, USA) Dorota Praszałowicz (Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland) Francis D. Raška (Department of American Studies, Institute of International Studies, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic) Anna Reczyńska (Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland) Josep M. Reniu (Grau en Cičncies Polítiques i de l’Administració, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain) Garry Robson (Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland) Adam Walaszek (Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland)
EDITORIAL POLICY Ad Americam. Journal of American Studies is an interdisciplinary journal edited at Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. Ad Americam publishes double-blind peer-reviewed articles by scholars on American history, politics, law, culture, sociology and comparative studies of American and other cultures. It is rather impossible to predict the exact length of time that will be required to process any given manuscript but usual time between final decisions and print publication is about 6 months. The editors make all final decisions upon the advice of members of the editorial board and two reviewers. The review process usually takes 6-8 weeks. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION The article should be submitted as an email attachment, formatted in double-spacing, 12-point font. Leave 2.5 cm margins on all sides of page. Contributions MUST include keywords and abstract of the article (of approximately 200 words). Contact address and a short biographical note (of approximately 100 words) must also be submitted but saved in a separate file. Authors should remove all self-identification information (e.g. names, institutional affiliations, email addresses) from articles. Any such material must be added back into the manuscript, if it is accepted for publication. Spelling must confirm to American usage, please check if it is consistent throughout. References to other works: please follow the MLA style. In-text citations should be placed, within parentheses, at the appropriate locations within the text. Each citation should consist of the author’s last name (or authors’ last names), followed by page number(s): Text of your article text of your article text of your article text of your article text of your article text of your article text of your article (Lastname 13). In case of any doubts, please refer to: http://bit.ly/1gizrjr Any notes should be numbered consecutively and placed, also doubled spaced, at the bottom of the page. Authors are responsible for using proper DOI numbers in their notes. Any acknowledgments or statements of financial support should be placed in an unnumbered note at the bottom of the first page. The section heading for the list of works cited should be “References,” not “Bibliography.” Please follow the MLA style. Books: Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication Articles: Lastname, Firstname. “Title of Article.” Title of Periodical Day Month Year: pages Internet sources: Name of Site. Name of institution/organization/preson(s) affiliated with the site (sometimes found in copyright statements). Date you accessed the site. Electronic address (internet link). References should not be numbered. Manuscripts that are failing to meet the particular style goals of the journal, will not be sent out for review. SUBMISSIONS All contributions should be sent to Dr. Paulina Napierała at p.napierala@uj.edu.pl. The Editors may also be contacted at the following address: “Ad Americam. Journal of American Studies” Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora Rynek Glowny 34 31-010 Krakow Poland Submission of an article is taken to imply that it has not previously been published and had not been submitted for publication elsewhere. Prospective authors are fully responsible for obtaining permission to use any material in which they do not own copyright. Contributors of any nationality are welcomed. Following publication, a copy of the printed journal will be sent to the author(s).
Dr. Łukasz Wordliczek “Ad Americam” Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora Rynek Główny 34 31-010 Kraków Poland

Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies

Ad Americam. Journal of American Studies is an interdisciplinary journal published yearly by The Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora of Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. Ad Americam publishes double-blind peer-reviewed articles by scholars on American history, politics, law, culture, sociology and comparative studies of American and other cultures. The Institute was established in 2004. It emerged from the consolidation of various programs (Chair of American Studies, Center for Canadian Studies, Chair of Latin American Studies, Chair of the History of International Migration Movements and Chair of Sociology of Nation and Ethnic Relations). The Chair of American Studies was founded in 1991 as an interfaculty research institution of the Jagiellonian University with the aim of teaching Polish students about different issues concerning the United States. In 1995 a program of doctoral studies was launched and in March 2000 the first Ph.D. dissertation was defended. Currently, The Institute now functions within the Faculty of International Relations and Political Science and nearly 1,000 students are enrolled. The Institute offers the following programs: American studies (three-year B.A., two-year M.A. and Ph.D.), Latin-American studies (two-year M.A.), ethnicity studies (two-year M.A.) and - taught in English - a two-year M.A. program in TransAtlantic Studies (TAS). The program focuses on the political and cultural aspects of TransAtlantic relations. For more details please visit http://www.transatlantic.uj.edu.pl

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Ad Americam, Vol. 10

Ad Americam. Journal of American Studies is a peer-reviewed, English language scientific journal edited by Institute of American Studies and Polish Diaspora, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.

The Phenomenon of “Japan Bashing” in US-Japanese Relations

By Konrad Błażejowski
The paper aims at presenting different perspectives of explaining the phenomenon of "Japan bashing" in the United States starting in mid 1980s and ending in mid 1990s. "Japan bashing" can be defined as a harsh criticism, widely voiced, of Japan and its economic policy, which was perceived as a reason for different American problems and a growing threat to the country's global standing. First, the historical circumstances in US-Japanese relations are explained and the phenomenon itself described. Different originators of this kind of discourse are named, including journalists, politicians and the realm of popular culture. Some attention is given to the analysis provided by the so called "Revisionists": a group of economists and journalists trying to show the Japanese economic model as a new paradigm that should inspire the US and contesting being called "the bashers". Then the explanations provided by the various social sciences are summarized, including the substitution of Soviet Union by Japan as a main competitor, different global economic environment and finally the threat of strong Japan to American identity as well as to the the narrative of asymmetrical US-Japanese relations after the WWII, in which the US played the role of a patron. Concluding remarks place this period of mutual relations in a broader historical context of stereotypical perceiving Japan as a threat but also point out the ambiguities of the discourse of "Japan bashing".

Balancing the National Interests: U.S. Arms Export Policy

By Małgorzata Zachara
Since the end of the Cold War the export of arms and military technology has posed genuine dilemmas rooted in the differing goals found in internal and international regulations of arms sales. The arms trade is no longer organized along the relatively simple lines of Cold War power politics, but is much more pragmatic and commercially oriented. The United States occupies a very large share of the international arms market, so its export control system and various aims of its foreign policies are based on a very delicate balance. From the standpoint of the domestic policy, there is a constant power game within this sphere between governments that bears full responsibility for the security threats posed by the arms trade, and military industry with its own, economic interests. In the field of international relations, selling weapons and related technologies is seen as an instrument that can be used by governments to achieve certain foreign policy goals. This article presents the historical and present day context of American arms export control policy and practice.

The US and the New Regionalism in the Western Hemisphere

By Karol Derwich
The end of the cold war created new possibilities in the global international relations. One of them was the possibility of developing international cooperation in the different areas. Of course, those changes also included Latin American region and the western hemisphere. Among most important processes we have to mention economic cooperation. It was that time when there appeared new forms of cooperation, such as Central European Free Trade Area (CAFTA) in Europe or Asia - Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in the South East Asia and the Pacific Region. Also, in the western hemisphere there appeared new forms of integration (MERCOSUR) or the older ones were transformed (Andean Group). Finally, the world biggest economy - the United States - begun to be interested in economic cooperation and integration with its southern neighbors. At 1994 the North American Free Trade Agreement was endorsed and during the first Summit of the Americas the idea of Free Trade Area of the Americas was presented. The aim of the paper is to present the role of economic integration in the U.S. Latin American policy. The motives and interests that push the United States to undertake the economic integration with Latin American countries are revealed. Finally, the answer to the question: 'Can economic integration be an effective instrument of U.S. Latin American policy?' is suggested.

Peace Studies in the U.S.: Peace Through Knowledge?

By Mateusz Filary
The article presents the history and state of peace studies (PS) in U.S. academia - a subject of many controversies and misunderstandings. First, there is an historical overview of what is now called PS. Than, an attempt to define and categorize the subject is made. Next, there is an analysis of the present state of PS - a survey of scholarly journals in the field, leading organizations that supports it, and presentation of sample courses that are appears in PS programs. At the conclusion of the article there is a discussion whether the subject is faithful to its purpose - both as academic enterprise and as an attempt to bring about a more peaceful world.

Having the American Dream Separately

By Piotr Józefczyk,

Jim Lehrer and ‘The Newshour’

By Rafał Kuś
This article describes the history of The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer, the flagship news program of American public television (PBS) - as well as the present-day controversies over it. The NewsHour started in 1975 as a supplement to the news shows of commercial networks; the program's formula was then changed in 1983, making it the only hour-long, comprehensive review of domestic and foreign issues on US national television. Lehrer's show, known for its deep insight into discussed subjects and a slow-paced, careful style of reporting, has been hailed by the majority of commentators and viewers as a paragon of quality journalism in the US television market since its debut on the air. Nonetheless, The NewsHour has received its share of criticism over the years. According to the program's detractors, not only does it pander to popular tastes but it is also biased in favor of conservative and corporate positions.

The Need of State? American Anarcho-Capitalism

By Magdalena Modrzejewska

The Economic Consequences of the 9/11 Terrorist Attack in the USA

By Agata Prokop
The purpose of the paper is to present the major costs that the US economy has suffered as a result of the 9/11 attacks. These costs include: loss of lives and property, losses in market capitalization on US exchange. The paper further shows how terrorism affects the budgetary decisions of US government (in broader sense the attack led to the attack on Afghanistan and Iraq), and also the adjustment costs for industry and economy, that have been taken to cover terrorism risk. The presented results suggest that the economic consequences of terrorist incidents are short term. The change in overall figures was not massive, as the demand and investment simply changed the direction from some sectors to the other.

The Autonomy of American Colleges

By Radosław Rybkowski
The autonomy of the US institutions of higher education is one of their most distinctive features. Both private and public institutions have been protecting their autonomy for decades, explaining that without it neither knowledge nor education could flourish in the country. The autonomy was challenged by federal and state governments; recently, changing patterns of financing higher education and growing participation of the federal government have obliged colleges and universities to follow many, sometimes very detailed, regulations. At the beginning of the 21st century this is the question institutions of higher education try to answer: what is the real meaning of autonomy today.

2008 Presidential Primaries in the United States from the Pennsylvania Perspective

By Maciej Turek
The 2008 Democratic Primaries were unique due to many factors. They will be remembered most of all for Democratic Party's clash between Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama. The main stage of this extended race was Pennsylvania, traditionally one of the most crucial battleground states. During the 2008 primaries, however, Pennsylvania was unusually important in determining who would become one of the major party's presidential nominee. For six weeks, between March 11 and April 22, 2008, there was no other primary election held in the United States. Thus, the remaining candidates and their camps, as well as the eyes of the nation, were turned to the campaign that was conducted in the Keystone State. What this essay tries to present is the impact the primaries in Pennsylvania had on the presidential nomination process of the Democratic Party. The author argues that while technically appealing to voters of the Pennsylvania primary, candidates were actually running a national campaign. It was during these primaries that the national candidate for the Democratic Party emerged.

Other Issues

Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies. Focus on: Latin American Studies, Vol. 17
Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies, Vol. 16
Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies, Vol. 15
Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies, Vol. 14
Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies, Vol. 13
Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies, Vol. 12
Ad Americam: Journal of American Studies, Vol. 11
Ad Americam, Vol. 9
Ad Americam, Vol. 8
Ad Americam, Vol. 7
Ad Americam, Vol. 6. Focus on: U.S. Legal System,
Ad Americam, Vol. 5. Focus on: U.S. Foreign Policy. Pattern and Process,
Ad Americam, Vol. 4. Focus on: United We Stand, Divided We Fall. US-Canadian Relations,
Ad Americam, Vol. 3. Focus on: Native America,
Ad Americam, Vol. 2. Focus on: The American Presidency,
Ad Americam, Vol. 1. Focus on: The Image of Women in American Culture,